Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas lawv cov kev ua tau zoo, cov xwm txheej siv tau, thiab kev siv nyab xeeb. Cov tsis sib txawv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub roj teeb ntau, kev them nqi / tso tawm kev ua haujlwm, lub neej ntev, thiab kev siv tau zoo. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no qhia cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium hauv peb pawg tseem ceeb: hluav taws xob kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, lub neej ntev thiab kev ruaj ntseg, thiab kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig.

1. Voltage-txog qhov ntsuas
Qhov hluav taws xob yog "theem fais fab" ntawm lub roj teeb lithium, cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv sib xws (xws li, cov roj teeb txawb tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv tsheb hluav taws xob). Nws suav nrog peb qhov tseem ceeb voltage qhov tseem ceeb:
| Parameter npe | txhais | chav tsev | Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb | Piv txwv li |
|
Nominal voltage |
Qhov nruab nrab kev khiav hauj lwm voltage ntawm lub roj teeb thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm them thiab tso tawm kuj yog qhov voltage qhia ntawm lub roj teeb qauv (piv txwv li, "3.7V lithium roj teeb"). |
V |
Kev txiav txim siab qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (cov cuab yeej yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov nominal voltage) yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev faib cov roj teeb. | Ternary lithium: 3.7V; Lithium hlau phosphate: 3.2V; Lithium polymer: 3.7V |
|
Them txiav- tawm qhov hluav taws xob |
Tshaj qhov siab tshaj qhov tso cai voltage thaum lub roj teeb them tuaj yeem ua rau electrolyte decomposition, bulging, lossis txawm hluav taws. |
V |
Tswj kev them nyiaj kev nyab xeeb (lub charger yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau qhov voltage) yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "kev tiv thaiv overcharge". | Ternary lithium: 4.2V (tus qauv) / 4.35V (siab muaj peev xwm); Lithium hlau phosphate: 3.65V |
|
Tshem Tawm - tawm qhov hluav taws xob |
Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tso cai voltage rau roj teeb tawm; Hauv qab no voltage yuav ua rau lithium deposition ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode thiab muaj peev xwm mus tas li. |
V |
Tswj kev nyab xeeb tawm (cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsis txhob tso tawm ua ntej qhov hluav taws xob no) yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm "dhau- tiv thaiv tawm". | Ternary lithium: 2.75V; Lithium hlau phosphate: 2.5V |
2. Peev xwm -Txog Parameters
Peev xwm yog hais txog "lub zog cia muaj peev xwm" ntawm lithium roj teeb, uas ncaj qha txiav txim siab lub cuab yeej lub roj teeb lub neej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm "nominal peev" thiab "muaj peev xwm tiag tiag"
| Parameter npe | txhais | chav tsev | Kev cuam tshuam | Piv txwv li |
|
Rated Peev Xwm |
Qhov "rated peev xwm" sau los ntawm cov tuam txhab roj teeb raws li cov txheej txheem (25 degree, 0.2C tawm mus rau kev txiav tawm hluav taws xob). |
mAh / Aw |
Cov chaw tsim khoom tau cog lus tias lub roj teeb tseem ceeb yog 1Ah=1000mAh (piv txwv li, 1000mAh roj teeb tuaj yeem kav ntev li 10 teev nrog 100mA tam sim no). | Lub xov tooj ntawm tes roj teeb: 3000-5000mAh; Fais tsheb roj teeb: 50-200Ah |
|
Muaj peev xwm tiag |
Lub peev xwm cia lub zog tiag tiag ntawm lub roj teeb hauv qab tiag tiag -kev siv hauv ntiaj teb (xws li qhov kub thiab txias thiab siab - tus nqi tawm). |
mAh/Ah |
Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (tsis kub derating), tus nqi tawm (siab tus nqi derating), thiab lub voj voog suav (kev laus derating). | Lub roj teeb nominally ntsuas ntawm 5000mAh tsuas yog muaj peev xwm 3500mAh ntawm -10 degree. |
|
Zog Ceev |
Lub zog khaws cia rau ib chav tsev loj / ntim ntawm lub roj teeb yog categorized rau "gravimetric zog ceev" thiab "volume zog ceev". |
Wh/kg, Wh/L |
Cov yam ntxwv uas txiav txim siab "lub teeb" thiab "miniaturization" ntawm ib lub cuab yeej (xws li qhov ntau ntawm lub tsheb fais fab thiab lub thickness ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes) | Ternary lithium: 200-300Wh / kg; Lithium hlau phosphate: 150-200Wh / kg |
3. Tus nqi them / tso tawm (C- tus nqi)
Tus nqi yog "them nqi thiab tso tawm ceev" ntawm lithium roj teeb, sawv cev los ntawm "C". Nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev them nqi hluav taws xob thiab kev tso tawm hluav taws xob (xws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev them nyiaj ceev thiab siab - cov khoom siv fais fab).
• Txhais: 1C=Tam sim no sib raug rau lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb (xws li, rau lub roj teeb 1000mAh, 1C tam sim no=1000mA; rau 200Ah roj teeb, 1C tam sim no=200A).
• Kev faib tawm:
• Them C- tus nqi: Piv txwv li, "1C them"=them tag nrho hauv 1 teev; "2C charging"=them tag nrho hauv 30 feeb (yuav tsum tau them).
• Tso tawm C- tus nqi: Piv txwv li, "0.5C tso tawm"=tso tawm tag nrho hauv 2 teev (tsawg- cov khoom siv fais fab, xws li xov tooj ntawm tes); "10C tso tawm"=tso tawm tag nrho hauv 6 feeb (siab-cov khoom siv fais fab, xws li drones thiab cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob).
• Ceeb toom: High- tus nqi them thiab tso tawm yuav ua rau muaj roj teeb hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv, kev ua neej luv luv, thiab txo qhov peev xwm tiag tiag (xws li, qhov peev xwm ntawm 10C tso tawm tsuas yog 70% ntawm lub peev xwm nominal).
4. Internal Resistance
Internal resistance yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv (electrodes, electrolyte, separator) ntawm lithium roj teeb, thiab nws chav tsev yog milliohms (mΩ).
• Tej yam tseem ceeb:
ib. Thaum tshav kub kub Generation: Qhov siab dua tam sim no, qhov kub ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm sab hauv (Q=I²Rt). Cov roj teeb uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua rau overheating thaum them ceev.
b. Voltage Poob: Thaum lub sij hawm tso tawm, sab hauv tsis kam ua rau txo qis hauv qhov tso zis voltage (qhov tseeb voltage=nominal voltage - I × internal resistance). Cov roj teeb uas tsis muaj zog sab hauv muaj cov khoom tsis zoo- nqa lub peev xwm (piv txwv li, lub zog poob tam sim ntawd thaum ua si hauv xov tooj ntawm tes).
c. Lifespan: Internal resistance tsub kom nrog tus naj npawb ntawm cov voj voog (cov ntaub ntawv laus). Thaum qhov kev tiv thaiv sab hauv siab tshaj qhov pib, lub roj teeb tsis tuaj yeem siv ib txwm.
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo: Cov roj teeb lithium me me (cov xov tooj ntawm tes, lub mloog pob ntseg) muaj kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm kwv yees li 50-200mΩ; Cov roj teeb loj loj (tsheb fais fab) muaj kev tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm kwv yees li 1-10mΩ.
II. Lub neej thiab kev ruaj ntseg Parameters
Cov kev txwv no txiav txim siab qhov "durability" ntawm lithium roj teeb, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov nqi siv (xws li hloov lub voj voog ntawm lub tsheb fais fab).
5. Lub neej voj voog
• Txhais: Tus naj npawb ntawm cov voj voog ntawm lub roj teeb ua tiav tom qab them tag nrho - lub voj voog tawm (los ntawm kev them hluav taws xob txiav tawm mus rau qhov hluav taws xob tawm hluav taws xob) thaum nws lub peev xwm lwj mus txog 80% ntawm nws lub peev xwm nominal (tus qauv kev lag luam).
• Tej yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam:
• Tus Nqi Them / Tshem Tawm: Tus nqi qis (0.2C-1C) ua rau lub neej voj voog ntev dua, thaum cov nqi siab (siab tshaj 5C) ua rau lub neej luv dua.
• Kub: 25-40℃yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cycling kub. Tsawg kub (<0℃) or high temperatures (>60 degree) ceev kev laus.
Qhov tob ntawm Kev Them Nyiaj (DOD): Tus nqi qis thiab tso tawm (xws li them rau 80% thiab tso tawm mus rau 20%) tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub neej ntev (xws li, ternary lithium roj teeb tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau dua 2000 lub voj voog ntiav thiab kwv yees li 800-1200 tag nrho cov voj voog).
• Cov piv txwv zoo:
• Lub xov tooj ntawm tes lithium roj teeb: 500-1000 cycles (tag nrho them thiab tawm).
• Fais tsheb lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb: 1500-3000 cycles (tag nrho them thiab tawm).
6. Tus kheej -Tus nqi tso tawm
• Kev txhais: Tus nqi uas lub roj teeb ib txwm poob nqi vim muaj tshuaj lom neeg hauv lub cev thaum nws tsis siv, feem ntau suav tias yog "feem pua tsawg ib hlis".
• Core Advantage: Lithium-Ion roj teeb muaj qhov txo qis ntawm tus kheej- tus nqi tso tawm ntau dua li cov nickel ib txwm muaj-cadmium/nickel-hlau hydride roj teeb (nickel-hlau hydride roj teeb muaj ib lub hlis twg ntawm tus kheej- 2%).
Tus nqi zoo: Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (25 degree), lub hli tus kheej - paug tus nqi ntawm lithium{2}}ion roj teeb yog kwv yees li 2%-5%; nce qhov kub thiab txias (piv txwv li, siab dua 40 degree) yuav ua rau kom nce tus nqi ntawm tus kheej tawm.
6.1. Memory Effect
• Cov ntsiab lus: Qhov tshwm sim uas lub roj teeb zoo li muaj peev xwm txo qis vim yog raug them ua ntej nws tawm tag nrho (nco ntsoov hauv nickel-cadmium roj teeb).
• Lithium{0}}Ion roj teeb yam ntxwv: Qhov tseem ceeb tsis muaj kev nco; tuaj yeem them thaum twg xav tau (tsis tas yuav tso tawm tag nrho ua ntej rov them), tab sis lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev them tag nrho (xws li tso lub roj teeb tsis them tom qab them rau 100%) yuav ua rau kev laus sai.
7. Environmental Adaptability Parameters
Cov kev txwv no txiav txim siab "tswj xwm txheej" ntawm cov roj teeb lithium, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv qhov chaw huab cua.
7.1. Kev khiav hauj lwm qhov kub thiab txias
• Txhais: Qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv uas lub roj teeb yuav raug them thiab tso tawm. Tshaj qhov ntau yam no yuav ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb.
• Ntau hom (Txheej Hom Lithium-Ion roj teeb):
| Hom roj teeb | Qhov kub ntawm qhov tso tawm | Kev them nyiaj kub li qub | Cov teebmeem kub heev |
| ternary lithium roj teeb |
-20℃~ 60 degree |
0℃~ 45 degree |
<-20℃ discharge capacity drops sharply;>60℃yooj yim rau bulging |
| Lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb |
-30℃~ 60 degree |
0℃~ 50 degree |
Nws outperforms ternary lithium roj teeb nyob rau hauv qis kub thiab yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv high kub. |
| Lithium polymer roj teeb |
-10℃~ 50 degree |
0℃~ 40 degree |
Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj thiab ua rau cov dej ntws tawm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. |
8. Cia qhov kub thiab txias
• Txhais: Qhov kub thiab txias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau lub sijhawm ntev - lub roj teeb cia, cuam tshuam rau kev muaj peev xwm khaws cia tom qab khaws cia.
• Ntau Yam Pom Zoo:
• luv- lub sij hawm cia (hauv 1 lub hlis): 0℃~ 35 degree, tuav tus nqi ntawm 30%-50%.
• Ntev- lub sij hawm cia (ntau tshaj 3 lub hlis): -20℃~ 25 degree, tswj tus nqi ntawm 30% -40% (tsis txhob khaws cov roj teeb uas muaj tag nrho lossis cov roj teeb tawm tag).
9. Kev sib piv ntawm Core Parameters ntawm ntau hom lithium roj teeb
Cov roj teeb lithium tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam tau muab faib ua peb pawg: ternary lithium, lithium hlau phosphate, thiab lithium polymer. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv cov kev ntsuas ncaj qha txiav txim siab txog cov xwm txheej siv tau .:
| parameter |
ternary lithium roj teeb (Li{0}}NCM/LCO) |
Lithium hlau phosphate roj teeb (LiFePO4) |
Lithium polymer roj teeb (Li{0}}Polymer) |
| nominal voltage |
3.7V |
3.2V |
3.7V |
| Zog ceev |
siab (200-300Wh / kg) |
nruab nrab (150-200Wh / kg) |
nruab nrab (180-250Wh / kg) |
| Lub neej voj voog |
nruab nrab (800-1200 lub neej) |
siab (1500-3000 lub neej) |
nruab nrab (500-1000 lub neej) |
| Tsawg kub ua haujlwm |
zoo dua (-20℃Dischargeable) |
feem ntau (Nws tuaj yeem tso tawm ntawm -30 degree, tab sis lub peev xwm txo qis heev.) |
Tsis zoo (Lub peev xwm poob qis qis dua -10 degree) |
| Kev ruaj ntseg |
feem ntau (Qhov kub siab tuaj yeem ua rau thermal runaway) |
siab (Nws muaj thermal stability zoo thiab tsis yooj yim rau ignite.) |
feem ntau (Nyob rau hauv to, yuav tsum tau mos ntim rau kev tiv thaiv) |
| Siv tau Scenarios | Cov xov tooj ntawm tes, laptops, siab - tsheb fais fab kawg | Hluav taws xob tsheb, lub zog cia, cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob | Ultra{0}} cov khoom siv nyias (xws li lub mloog pob ntseg thiab smartwatches) |









